PeCO2 is the partial pressure of CO2 in expired gas PaCO2 is arterial partial pressure of CO2 Physiological dead space can be calculated using Bohr's equation: Alveolar dead space is the volume of alveoli that are ventilated but not perfused (or underperfused), and anatomical dead space is the volume of the respiratory system from the nose and mouth to the level of the distal airways at which gas exchange begins to take place. It includes both alveolar and anatomical dead space. LP101939-9 Physiological dead space The physiological dead space is the volume of gas in the respiratory system that is not involved in respiratory gas exchange. I need your prayers.60869-5 Physiological dead space Respiratory system -on ventilator Active Part Description Pray that my goals are completed on a timely basis. The cause of increased dead space in general anesthesia is multifactorial, including loss of skeletal muscle tone and loss of bronchoconstrictor tone. Bronchodilators dilate the brochus and bronchioles and not the alveoli, increasing dead space.Ĭertain anaesthetics, like halothane and sevoflurane, cause bronchodilation. The conduction zone, from the nose to the respiratory bronchioles, is dead space. Therefore, reduction in the dead space.Īdministration of bronchodilator increases dead space. The size of the ET tube is smaller than the trachea. Intubation decreases dead space by 70 ml approx. In upright position, there is decreased perfusion to the uppermost alveoli. Supine position decreases dead space and the dead space increases in upright position. Neck extension and jaw protrusion can increase the dead space twofold. Therefore, physiological dead space will also be decreased. Why?įlexion of head decreases anatomical dead space. Alveolar dead space is the volume of gas within unperfused alveoli (and thus not participating in gas exchange either) it is usually negligible in the healthy, awake patient.įlexion of the head decreases dead space. Anatomic dead space is the volume of gas within the conducting zone (as opposed to the transitional and respiratory zones) and includes the trachea, bronchus, bronchioles, and terminal bronchioles it is approximately 2 mL/kg in the upright position. Physiologic or total dead space is the sum of anatomic dead space and alveolar dead space.
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